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''Viola pedunculata'', the California golden violet, Johnny jump up, or yellow pansy, is a perennial yellow wildflower of the coast and coastal ranges in California and northwestern Baja California. 〔(GRIN: ''Viola pedunculata'' ) . accessed 3.23.2013〕 The common name "Johnny jump up" is usually associated with ''Viola tricolor'' however, the introduced garden annual. The plant grows on open, grassy slopes, in chaparral habitats, and in oak woodlands, from sea level to around . It prefers part shade, but will tolerate sun in many locations. ==Description== ''Viola pedunculata'' is a perennial, growing from a spongy rhizome. The plant is often low-growing, but can reach a heights of . The leaves are 1-5.5 cm long, cordate (heart-shaped) to deltate-ovate (oblong-triangular), scalloped or toothed, and glabrous or hairy.〔( Jepson: ''Viola pedunculata'' ) . accessed 3.23.2013 〕 They are summer deciduous. The fragrant flowers appear in March and April, and are a rich, saturated yellow to yellow-orange, with brown-purple nectar guides on the lower petals. The flowers are hermaphrodite, and are pollinated by native and introduced insects. Dried in air, the seeds weigh about each. ;Subspecies *''Viola pedunculata'' ssp. ''pedunculata'' 〔(CalFlora: ''Viola pedunculata'' ssp. ''pedunculata'' )〕 *''Viola pedunculata'' ssp. ''tenuifolia'' 〔(USDA: ''Viola pedunculata'' ssp. ''tenuifolia'' )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Viola pedunculata」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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